@article { author = {Ambraseys, N.}, title = {A Note on Transparency and Loss of Life Arising from Earthquakes}, journal = {Journal of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering}, volume = {12}, number = {3}, pages = {83-88}, year = {2010}, publisher = {International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology}, issn = {1735-1669}, eissn = {2821-2541}, doi = {}, abstract = {This note was prompted by the earthquake of 12 January 2010 in Haiti, which is not the only earthquake in recent years in which hundreds of thousands of people have been killed, in contrast to the near-zero death toll caused by earthquakes of the same magnitude elsewhere (viz. New Zealand 03.09.10). The Haiti earthquake raises several points that must be addressed in any realistic attempt to mitigate the loss of life arising from earthquakes, in particular the question of whether this enormous difference in human losses is almost entirely due to houses having been poorly constructed due to corrupt practices that allowed poorly sited and constructed houses to be built in seismic regions.}, keywords = {Loss of Life,Transparency,Haiti,CPI,GNI,Corruption}, url = {http://www.jsee.ir/article_240612.html}, eprint = {http://www.jsee.ir/article_240612_958189a1a8c9c30771ea7383f3e07877.pdf} } @article { author = {Hosseini Hashemi, B. and Ahmady Jazany, R.}, title = {Experimental Evaluation of Cover Plate and Flange Plate Steel Moment-Resisting Connections Considering Unequal Beam Depths}, journal = {Journal of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering}, volume = {12}, number = {3}, pages = {89-106}, year = {2010}, publisher = {International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology}, issn = {1735-1669}, eissn = {2821-2541}, doi = {}, abstract = {This paper presents the differences of cyclic behavior in Special Moment Resisting Frames (SMRF) with unequal beam depths which can be affected by connection detailing arrangements. The studied connection detailing arrangements consist of continuity plate arrangements such as straight or inclined continuity plates, cover plate and flange plate connection and haunch connection systems at the shallow beam side which can create some alternatives to connect shallow beams and deep beams with columns. In spite of probable occurrences of this special case in current engineering practice, codes do not take these especial cases into consideration. Six full scale beams to column sub-assemblages were tested to investigate the cyclic behavior for this special case i.e. unequal beam depths. Experiments show that the mentioned connection detailing arrangements could achieve performance discriminations ranged between story drift ratios of at least 4% to 6% radians before experiencing 20% strength degradation. Using a specific combination of flange plate connection with the haunch connection system, the crack propagation at the deep beam bottom flange which is observed in most of the connection detailing arrangements for this special case is eliminated.}, keywords = {Connection Detailing,Unequal Beam Depth,Panel Zone,SMRF}, url = {http://www.jsee.ir/article_240613.html}, eprint = {http://www.jsee.ir/article_240613_741796933aa15b24aa3214cba2057c48.pdf} } @article { author = {Bahrani, M.K. and Vasseghi, A. and Esmaeily, A. and Soltani, M.}, title = {Experimental Study on Seismic Behavior of Conventional Concrete Bridge Bents}, journal = {Journal of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering}, volume = {12}, number = {3}, pages = {107-118}, year = {2010}, publisher = {International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology}, issn = {1735-1669}, eissn = {2821-2541}, doi = {}, abstract = {This paper presents the results of an experimental study conducted to assess the seismic response of the commonly used multicolumn bridge bents constructed in Iran. Observing the real performance of the bent, capturing undesirable failure modes, and verifying current code requirements are the main goals of this study. A 30% scaled specimen was designed, constructed and tested under simulated earthquake loads. The results indicate that the joint failure and slippage of longitudinal column reinforcement within the joints are the predominant failure modes under lateral cyclic loading. Such failure modes adversely affect the energy-absorbing capacity by a significantly pinched hysteresis response. Slippage of the column's longitudinal bar is the main contributing factor for the pinched hysteresis response. Based on the test results, AASHTO requirements for development length of the column's longitudinal bars inside the cap-beam is unnecessarily long, and it can be reduced considering the confinement effects of transverse reinforcement. Test results also indicate that the displacement capacity of bridge bents calculated by the AASHTO approximate equation may be unconservative.}, keywords = {bridge,Ductility,Multicolumn Bent,Concrete,Capacity Assessment}, url = {http://www.jsee.ir/article_240609.html}, eprint = {http://www.jsee.ir/article_240609_660707e42c6bf594b0804e6b6e216799.pdf} } @article { author = {Arbabi, F. and Khalighi, M.}, title = {Stability of Railroad Tracks under the Effects of Temperature Change and Earthquake}, journal = {Journal of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering}, volume = {12}, number = {3}, pages = {119-129}, year = {2010}, publisher = {International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology}, issn = {1735-1669}, eissn = {2821-2541}, doi = {}, abstract = {One of the major causes of train accidents is derailment due to axial or lateral buckling of the track. This problem is more prominent in continuously welded rails (CWR), which are now very common because of their advantages of reduced noise and damage and more comfortable rides. As for the effect of earthquakes on track buckling, the axial force they induce seems to be much less than that of temperature change as well as those caused by tractive action and braking of locomotives. This does not mean that earthquakes cannot have a detrimental effect on railroad tracks. Their main cause of damage is the large reduction they may produce in the lateral resistance of ballast due to shaking of the ballast bed. This paper deals with the problem of axial and lateral buckling of CWR and the effects of earthquakes and temperature change on the stability of the track. A three-dimensional macro-element is used to model the track. A program, developed in Mathcad environment, is used to conduct a series of parametric studies. The results show that the simple sinusoidal form often used for determining buckling loads of tracks is only valid for totally homogeneous tracks, a rather rare situation. It was ascertained that the buckled shapes observed in practice are due to local inhomogeneities of the track.}, keywords = {Railroad,Buckling,Energy Methods,finite element method,Macro-element,Earthquake}, url = {http://www.jsee.ir/article_240610.html}, eprint = {http://www.jsee.ir/article_240610_e97135cddee0308605e78e8a81148079.pdf} } @article { author = {Bastami, M.}, title = {Constitutive Model for HSC Confined by UHS and NS Transverse Reinforcements under Cyclic and Earthquake Loadings}, journal = {Journal of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering}, volume = {12}, number = {3}, pages = {131-141}, year = {2010}, publisher = {International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology}, issn = {1735-1669}, eissn = {2821-2541}, doi = {}, abstract = {In this paper, a cyclic constitutive model is developed for high-strength concrete (HSC) confined by ultra-high-strength and normal-strength transverse reinforcements (UHSTR and NSTR), with the intention of providing efficient modeling for the member and structural behavior of HSC in seismic regions. The model for HSC subjected to monotonic and cyclic loading, comprises four components; an envelope curve (for monotonic, cyclic and earthquake loadings), an unloading curve, a reloading curve, and a tensile unloading curve. It explicitly accounts for the effects of concrete compressive strength, the volumetric ratio of transverse reinforcement, yield strength of ties, tie spacing, and tie pattern. The proposed envelope curve models for confined HSC cover four options; namely, (1) rectangular (square) cross section with NSTR, (2) circular cross section with NSTR, (3) rectangular (square) cross section with UHSTR, and (4) circular cross section with UHSTR. Comparisons with test results showed that the proposed model provides a good fitting to a wide range of experimental results. The configuration of transverse reinforcement had a particularly large effect.}, keywords = {Constitutive model,High-Strength Concrete,Confined,Ultra-High-Strength Transverse Reinforcement,Normal-Strength Transverse Reinforcement,Earthquake Loading}, url = {http://www.jsee.ir/article_240611.html}, eprint = {http://www.jsee.ir/article_240611_41a80ee84105195a3a0eab998705c2f6.pdf} }