@article { author = {Maybodian, Majid and Zare, Mehdi and Hamzehloo, Hossein and Ansari, Anoushiravan and Bali Lashak, Aref}, title = {Scaling of Long-Term Seismicity in Zagros, Iran}, journal = {Journal of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering}, volume = {15}, number = {2}, pages = {91-99}, year = {2013}, publisher = {International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology}, issn = {1735-1669}, eissn = {2821-2541}, doi = {}, abstract = {The long-term Precursory Scale Increase (Y) phenomenon is used to relate minor seismicity to major shallow earthquakes in Zagros. This phenomenon involves an increase in the magnitude and rate of occurrence of minor earthquakes in an area near to the location of a major event. By the modeling of long-term seismogenesis as a three-stage faulting process, the Precursory Scale Increase (Y) phenomenon can be inferred. Scaling characterizes the parameters of space, time and magnitude that relate the precursory seismicity to the main shock and aftershocks. Seismogenesis starts with the formation of a major crack, culminates in the corresponding major fracture and earthquake, and ends with healing. Showing high seismicity in southwest of Iran, Zagros mountain accommodate major part of convergence between Arabia and Eurasia. From 1970 to 2009, 29 earthquakes in this region demonstrated a sudden increase in the scale of seismicity, which can be inferred as a long-term precursor. Range of magnitudes of these earthquakes was from5.6 to 6.7. Precursory time (TP) interval between onset of the scale increase and occurrence of the earthquake, and the precursory space (AP) that involved space-time is optimized respectively to scale increase. By scaling relations, predictive regressions are found between the magnitude level of the precursory seismicity (MP) versus TP, AP and the main earthquake magnitude separately. As these relations show high goodness of fit for Zagros, the method could be used in long-range forecasting of the place, time and magnitude of major earthquakes in Zagros region.}, keywords = {Precursory Scale Increase,Zagros,Iran,Long-Term Seismicity}, url = {http://www.jsee.ir/article_240665.html}, eprint = {http://www.jsee.ir/article_240665_b2c44737f4bc071ece84ab9d00f5dae5.pdf} } @article { author = {Askari, Faradjollah}, title = {Seismic Three Dimensional Stability of Reinforced Slopes}, journal = {Journal of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering}, volume = {15}, number = {2}, pages = {111-119}, year = {2013}, publisher = {International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology}, issn = {1735-1669}, eissn = {2821-2541}, doi = {}, abstract = {Upper bound limit analysis method is applied to determine the required reinforcement for three-dimensional stability of the slopes under seismic conditions. Horizontal blocks are used for determining the internal stability in three dimensional conditions. Seismic stability is studied by adopting a pseudo-static approach, considering only the horizontal acceleration. Reinforced soil has been considered to be a cohesionless material in the analysis. The failure mechanism is considered to be transitional and consists of several horizontal hexagonal blocks and a pentagonal one at the base. Velocity discontinuities between blocks are considered to be horizontal and each block consists of one reinforcement layer. Results are presented in graphical and tabular form to illustrate the effects of variation of different parameters such as seismic acceleration, three-dimensional geometry of the slope and soil friction angle on required reinforcement length and strength. By increasing of seismic acceleration, the stability of the reinforced soil slope decreases significantly, and thus greater strength and length of the reinforcement are required to maintain stability of the slope. On the other hand, three-dimensional modeling of reinforced slope results lower values of the required reinforcement. Comparisons of the present results with available pseudo-static results are shown, and discussed.}, keywords = {Reinforced Slopes,Three Dimensional Analysis,Seismic Slope Stability,Limit Analysis}, url = {http://www.jsee.ir/article_240661.html}, eprint = {http://www.jsee.ir/article_240661_5856f8fc1b8211bb22fb3be2aacf7edf.pdf} } @article { author = {Maheri, Mahmoud Reza and Najafgholipour, Mohammad Amir}, title = {Experimental Investigation of the Unreinforced Small Masonry Walls under Bidirectional Seismic Loading}, journal = {Journal of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering}, volume = {15}, number = {2}, pages = {121-129}, year = {2013}, publisher = {International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology}, issn = {1735-1669}, eissn = {2821-2541}, doi = {}, abstract = {During an earthquake, a wall is subjected to a three-dimensional acceleration field and undergoes simultaneous in-plane and out-of-plane loading. It is often noted that in the field of brittle material strength, presence of one type of loading on a structural element affects the strength of that element against another type of loading. Considerable number of numerical and experimental studies, carried out to-date to investigate the behaviour of masonry walls under seismic loading, have either considered the in-plane response or the out-of-plane response of the wall separately without due consideration for any possible interaction between the two responses. In this paper, the results of a series of tests with different levels of simultaneous in-plane shear and out-of-plane bending actions on small brick walls constructed with standard high strength mortar are presented. The tests results indicate noticeable interaction between the in-plane shear and out-of-plane bending strengths of brick walls. The interaction curve appears to follow a circular trend.}, keywords = {Masonry,Brick Wall,In-Plane Shear,Out-Of-Plane Bending,Capacity Interaction,Seismic Response}, url = {http://www.jsee.ir/article_240662.html}, eprint = {http://www.jsee.ir/article_240662_d8a14495b1998fea441d658b59d00bd9.pdf} } @article { author = {Prabakaran, Harsha}, title = {Regarding a Continuum Approach Towards Predicting Earthquakes}, journal = {Journal of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering}, volume = {15}, number = {2}, pages = {131-137}, year = {2013}, publisher = {International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology}, issn = {1735-1669}, eissn = {2821-2541}, doi = {}, abstract = {The paper develops a mathematical model that can produce effective predictions on the possibility of an inter-plate earthquake in a particular region. A hypothetical model based on the dilatancy-diffusion principle which, by its experimental studies, has proven to be an important feature towards earthquake prediction. The purpose of the study is to develop a model backed up by mathematics to provide a comprehensive way of predicting earthquakes. Theoretical methods involving continuum mechanics are used to determine the critical viscosity between the plates at which the movement of the plates is susceptible to causing an earthquake. Such a prediction methodology based on mathematical techniques is thus dealt in the paper to predict all three important parameters of an earthquake - time, magnitude and place. The interpretations of the work might prove to take one step closer at solving the question of predicting earthquakes.}, keywords = {Plate Tectonics,Inter-Plate Compression,Viscosity,Pressure,Fault Lines}, url = {http://www.jsee.ir/article_240663.html}, eprint = {http://www.jsee.ir/article_240663_9b66a07276142fc951e94e630941348d.pdf} } @article { author = {Novikova, Olga and Gorshkov, Alexander}, title = {Recognition of Earthquake Prone Areas (M³ 6.0) in the Kopet Dagh Region Using the GIS Technology}, journal = {Journal of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering}, volume = {15}, number = {2}, pages = {101-109}, year = {2013}, publisher = {International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology}, issn = {1735-1669}, eissn = {2821-2541}, doi = {}, abstract = {The methodology is based on the idea that large earthquakes correlate with morpho structural nodes which are formed around the intersections of fault zones. The nodes shown on the MZ map of the region under study, have been determined with the morpho structural zoning (MZ) method. The map shows the hierarchical block-structure of the region, the network of boundary zones separating blocks, and the loci of the nodes, formed at the intersections of boundary zones. The GIS facilities have been used to compile the MZ map of the Kopet Dagh region. The recorded earthquakes M6+ nucleate at some of the mapped nodes. The other seismogenic nodes prone to earthquakes M6+ in the Kopet Dagh region have been identified with the help of the pattern recognition algorithm CORA-3. The results obtained indicate a high seismic potential for the studied region and provide information on the loci of potential earthquake sources needed for seismic hazard assessment.}, keywords = {Pattern recognition,Morpho structural Zoning,Seismogenic Nodes,GIS,Kopet Dagh}, url = {http://www.jsee.ir/article_240660.html}, eprint = {http://www.jsee.ir/article_240660_c68b808c86e4757382e45c3529512b3b.pdf} } @article { author = {Sadeghi, Arjang and Sadr-Noormohammadi, Amin}, title = {Assessing the Safety of Reticular Double Layer Domes with/without Primary Consideration of Equivalent Static Earthquake Loading}, journal = {Journal of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering}, volume = {15}, number = {2}, pages = {139-152}, year = {2013}, publisher = {International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology}, issn = {1735-1669}, eissn = {2821-2541}, doi = {}, abstract = {Reticular double layer domes have gained in huge popularity for their lightness, easy construction and repair, highly indeterminacy and efficiency in covering large spaces. Although this kind of space structures is employed widely in practice, there is not enough information about their seismic design procedure. Among the works carried out in quantifying the earthquake effects on the double layer domes, one can refer to the work done by authors in 2010. They presented some equations for estimation of equivalent static loadings on double layer domes. The present paper aims at investigating the efficiency of these equations through comparing the dynamic nonlinear responses of two sets of domes that are designed with and without consideration of these loadings in design stage. The result of the analyses shows that although these equations improve the responses of the considered domes, they do not make them absolutely safe.}, keywords = {Space Structures,Double Layer Domes,Dynamic Analysis,Finite element}, url = {http://www.jsee.ir/article_240664.html}, eprint = {http://www.jsee.ir/article_240664_52cf5a42c883e44292af7d7b12e478f2.pdf} }